Library | ESG issues
Public Policy
Public policy refers to the actions and decisions taken by governments to address societal issues through laws, regulations, and funding priorities. It shapes the business environment by influencing regulatory requirements, market conditions, and corporate responsibilities. Policies related to taxation, labour laws, environmental regulations, and trade agreements can impact business operations, costs, and investment strategies.
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Beyond energy infrastructure: A flexibility-first approach cuts costs and boosts security
This report argues that power system flexibility is core infrastructure essential for energy security and affordability. It demonstrates how quantifying flexibility can reduce costs, citing potential annual savings of £9.6–£16.7 billion in Great Britain by 2050. Policymakers are encouraged to prioritise flexibility-first design over traditional infrastructure-heavy build-out.
Clean investment monitor: US update series
The Clean Investment Monitor: US Update is a benchmark series providing a comprehensive database of clean energy and transportation investment across the United States. Produced by Rhodium Group and MIT-CEEPR, it tracks the manufacture and deployment of greenhouse gas emission-reducing technologies across manufacturing, energy and industry, and retail segments.
Mobility Diagnosis
Mobility Diagnosis is an open-source territorial analysis tool supported by ADEME. It helps local authorities and planners design decarbonised transport strategies by centralising data on travel practices and geographical profiles.
Advancing competition for financial inclusion: Six policy considerations for financial sector authorities
This report provides six policy considerations for financial sector authorities to promote competition and advance financial inclusion. Drawing on eight country case studies, it explains how regulators can use existing mandates, coordinate across sectors, and leverage infrastructure design to address market concentration and support digital financial innovation.
Worlds apart: Contrasting US-China approaches to scaling clean technology manufacturing
Global clean technology manufacturing investment has declined significantly, led by pullbacks in China and the United States. While China addresses overcapacity, US investment reversed following the One Big Beautiful Bill Act. This report explores the diverging drivers, policy shifts, and future competitive landscape for both nations.
Circular economy practice in India: Three case studies
This report examines India’s transition to a circular economy, highlighting policy frameworks like Extended Producer Responsibility and NITI Aayog’s strategic focus areas. Through case studies of Siemens, Tata Steel, and Volvo Construction Equipment, it demonstrates how circular principles drive resource efficiency, waste reduction, and business value.
Reconsidering supply chains and industrial policy from the economic security perspective
This report analyses supply chain resilience and industrial policy through the lens of economic security. It evaluates market failures in supply chain investment, examines cases of Chinese economic coercion, and assesses Japanese semiconductor subsidies for TSMC and Rapidus, emphasizing the roles of diversification, existing industrial clusters, and international research collaboration.
Redirecting sovereign capital to accelerate Indonesia’s energy transition
This report examines Indonesia’s sovereign wealth fund, Danantara, and its role in the energy transition. It highlights the fiscal risks of subsidy-dependent energy SOEs and recommends a strategic shift towards renewables. Drawing on global SWF experiences, it advocates for portfolio diversification to ensure long-term profitability and national energy security.
Supporting just transitions through social protection: Key roles for philanthropy
This briefing paper explores how philanthropy can support just transitions to net zero through social protection. It examines the socio-economic risks of decarbonisation, identifies systemic coverage gaps, and highlights catalytic roles for philanthropic capital in capacity building, research, and policy alignment to ensure an inclusive transition.
Global South Climate Database
A searchable database maintained by Carbon Brief providing access to over 1,100 climate experts from the Global South. It enables finance professionals to connect with specialists in carbon markets, climate policy, and regional environmental risks across Asia, Africa, and Latin America.
Leveraging copper for economic transformation: Policy choices for value addition in Zambia
This report examines strategies for Zambia to add value to its copper resources. It identifies expanding smelting and refining as immediate opportunities to increase annual exports by USD 3.7 billion by 2030. Success requires addressing binding constraints, primarily unreliable electricity, high finance costs, and trade logistics inefficiencies.
European state of the climate report series
The European State of the Climate is an annual flagship report series providing structured descriptions and analyses of climate conditions in Europe. Published by the Copernicus Climate Change Service and the World Meteorological Organization, it evaluates Earth system variables and key climate events alongside policy actions for biodiversity.
Automation, learning, and career dynamics
This research examines how automating technology affects white-collar career dynamics and human capital. It identifies a potential 'human-capital trap' where automation reduces entry-level learning. The paper recommends targeted taxes on automation and subsidies for task-frontier expansion to maintain long-term welfare and professional skill development.
Interactive data tool on Middle East energy reliance
Developed by the International Energy Agency, this interactive tool tracks global energy market impacts stemming from Middle East conflicts. It monitors commodity shipping flows, policy responses, and supply disruptions.
The green central banking scorecard series
The Green Central Banking Scorecard is a benchmark series that ranks G20 central banks and financial regulators on their progress in integrating environmental considerations into their operations. It assesses institutions across research and advocacy, monetary policy, financial policy, and leading by example categories to encourage a just green transition.
Rust in motion: The political environmental trap of vehicle tax exemptions
This research examines Brazil's vehicle tax exemptions, finding that lower age thresholds increase fleet age, pollution and infant health risks. It identifies a 'political environmental trap', where raising exemption ages leads to significant electoral penalties for incumbents, despite the policies resulting in a net welfare loss.
